Generally speaking, a function is a "subprogram" that can be called by code external (or internal in the case of recursion) to the function. Like the program itself, a function is composed of a sequence of statements called the function body. Values can be passed to a function, and the function will return a value.
The Array.observe() method was used for asynchronously observing changes to Arrays, similar to Object.observe() for objects. It provided a stream of changes in order of occurrence. It's equivalent to Object.observe() invoked with the accept type list ["add", "update", "delete", "splice"]. However, this API has been deprecated and removed from Browsers. You can use the more general Proxy object instead.