fractions — Rational numbers

Source code: Lib/fractions.py

random — Generate pseudo-random numbers

Source code: Lib/random.py

statistics — Mathematical statistics functions

Source code: Lib/statistics.py

decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic

Source code: Lib/decimal.py

cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers

This module provides access to mathematical functions for complex numbers. The functions in this module accept integers, floating-point numbers or complex numbers as arguments. They will also accept any Python object that has either a __complex__() or a __float__() method: these methods are used to convert the object to a complex or floating-point number, respectively, and the function is then applied to the result of the conversion.

numbers — Numeric abstract base classes

Source code: Lib/numbers.py

math — Mathematical functions

This module provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C standard.